To reach greater efficiency, traditional houses have experimentally achieved principles and patterns over time that are repeated explicitly or implicitly in all houses. Providing great harmony with the culture and climate of the region, some of these principles are used in a larger spatial or temporal range and some in a smaller range. The study aims to identify and study the principles and physical patterns of traditional houses in Kashan by providing examples. The research is applied and qualitative and uses descriptive and analytical methods based on case studies. Data collection was conducted through field surveys and studying written sources. The scope of the study is the traditional houses of Kashan in Jalali fort during the Qajar and First Pahlavi period. The case study consists of eight houses that were randomly selected from the collection of houses of the Kashan Cultural Heritage Organization. The findings of this study are categorized into three main patterns: the pattern of relationships with the surroundings and the city, the pattern of spatial arrangement and formation, the pattern of activity and functions. These patterns include eight principles: in harmony with the context, simplicity of the external body, negative space as a forming center, coherence of the positive space, sequential and articular spatial arrangement, confidentiality, variety of functional spaces, and multiple sides for different activities. The results of this research show how houses are formed based on the mentioned patterns and principles starting from the courtyard and evolving to the relationships with the city back and forth. By explaining these principles, this research can pave the way for recognizing other principles and patterns that shape traditional houses.

Introduction: Academic faculty members need to emphasize ethical principles in order to improve higher education, with the understanding of this importance, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing the ethical model of academic faculty members in Iran's higher education. Material & Methods: This research is a type of qualitative study that uses foundational data theory. The participants, including experts and faculty members of the country's public universities, who were responsible for the promotion of academic members, were selected as key informants through a targeted sampling method of 45 people. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The reliability and validity of the data were obtained from the two methods of reviewing the participants and recoding by experts. Data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding. Results: The results showed that the moral model of faculty members in Iran's higher education is explained in 10 main categories and 27 subcategories. Major and core categories in the form of 6 dimensions of causal conditions including (individual factors, organizational factors), core (cultural-educational, educational ethics, research ethics, scientific-executive), background conditions (higher education policies, moral activism), intervening conditions (environmental factors), strategies (micro level-university, macro level-higher education) and consequences (individual and organizational) were elevated to a higher abstract level and finally the research paradigm model was presented. Conclusion: The regulations for the promotion of academic staff members in Iran require a detailed revision of the content with an ethical and qualitative approach in order to make the indicators of the promotion regulations efficient and effective.

Purpose: Clustering and co-word analysis is a method to reveal relationships and links and illustrate the intellectual structure of a scientific field. This research tries to study the intellectual structure of articles in the field of futures studies in Iran by using the technique of co-word analysis. Method: The current research is a descriptive-analytical development with a scientometric approach. The statistical population is 921 articles retrieved records in the field of futures studies. Findings: The findings showed that articles in the field of futures studies in Iran are often associated with positive growth, and in terms of frequency, the keywords scenario, Islamic Republic, and foresight are the most frequent in futures studies. The findings related to the hierarchical clustering led to the formation of 8 clusters in this field, namely "ICT visions", "geographers who love the future", "knowledge development", " Futuristic higher education", "Future of Religion", "Regional Relations", "Strategic Foresight" and "Heavy Weight of Method". Conclusion: According to the findings of the current research and the high frequency of the keyword scenario, as well as the density and relationships of this keyword with other keywords, it can be concluded that the scenario is the dominant approach in futures studies. Also, according to the resulting clusters, it was observed that these researches have a high variety, but addressing the future in many areas is still neglected.

The ethical actions are important because of the priority of the mission goal and their close relationship with social progress and development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identification and social analysis of these types of actions among the verses of revelation and it deals with the effect of ethical actions in the production of social capital in the process of progress based on religious teachings and answers these questions based on the Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on the formation of social progress? How do moral actions generate social capital and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are the effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in the development of social interactions have been socially studied, analyzed and searched by using the inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving others, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with social supervision have been discussed, which lead to sincerity, togetherness, coherence and expansion of social interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes the production of social capital and its improvement and will lead to the density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.

In recent years, land use changes in Isfahan city and its surroundings have been increasing, and these changes have been caused by factors such as population growth, economic interests, and changes in society's needs. The current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the temperature changes of Isfahan city and its surroundings in a forty-year period (1979-2018). The current research is based on the purpose of applied research and its method is descriptive-analytical according to the subject of the research and its nature, and to investigate the temperature changes affected by the changes in land use and urban development of Isfahan city, temperature data from The city of Isfahan and the area of ​​50 kilometers around the city of Isfahan have been collected from the database of the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). To verify the accuracy, the data of meteorological stations of Isfahan, Isfahan Airport and Najaf-Abad have been compared and evaluated. became. The results of the research show that in this 40-year period, we have seen a significant increase in the average annual temperature from 0.06 degrees in the eastern area of ​​Isfahan city to 0.11 degrees in the western area. This means that the average temperature of Isfahan city and its surrounding areas has increased between 2.5 degrees and 4 degrees during a period of 40 years.

Background and Aims: The present study aimed to test related variables with Self-handicapping among students.Methods: Using multi-stage sampling procedure, 305 students (142 boys, 163 girls) were selected and investigated in this research. The tools included Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale; Acquisitive Goal Orientation Measure; Avoidance Goal Orientation Measure; The Assessment Scale of Academic Achievement Emotions; The Scale of Academic Engagement; Burnout Inventory; Academic Self-handicapping Measure. Structural equation modeling was used to test causal relationships of academic self-handicapping by LISREL version-8.Results: Fit indices of presumed models indicated that forecasting model of well-being positive indicators through fear of negative evaluation, achievement goals, academic self-handicapping, and positive achievement emotions, achievement goals, academic self-handicapping, and negative achievement emotions and model of wellbeing negative indicators through fear of negative evaluation, achievement goals, academic self-handicapping.Conclusions: The results of current study showed that suggested causative model for the structural relations of academic self-handicapping has required power for forecasting the academic self-handicapping among students.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The effect of infrastructure equipment is taking a toll on the health and economic well-being of residents all around the world. This is mainly because it contributes to ambient air pollution, noise, and vibration in the surroundings. The study aimed at analyzing the effects of the road infrastructure equipment on the surroundings in Uganda. The emissions of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, hydrocarbons, and particulate matter were analyzed. METHODS: Six road infrastructure equipment were sampled consisting of an excavator, roller, grader, concrete mixer, tamper, and wheel loader, obtained from a case study project in Kampala city, Uganda. The diesel exhaust air emissions were computed and analyzed using the emissions rate equation model for non-road equipment, developed by Environmental Protection Agency. This was based on the horsepower and power rating of the equipment. Noise and vibrations levels were obtained using a sound level meter, seismometers, and accelerators, while following the National Environment Regulations. FINDINGS: The greenhouse gas of carbon dioxide was the most predominant accounting for 84. 1 percent of the total emissions. The grader was the highest emitter of this greenhouse gas, at 1, 531. 5 g/h, representing 37. 1%. The lowest air pollutant emission was nitrogen dioxide at 1. 43 g/h for the concrete mixer, representing 1. 4%. Overall, the equipment emitted more greenhouse gases than air criteria pollutants at 88. 8% and 11. 2% respectively. The highest criteria air pollutant was particulate matter at 100. 5 g/h, emitted by the grader. Most of the emissions met the standards stipulated by Environmental Protection Agency, for reducing emissions back to the environment, except particulate matter. However, the concentrations of some pollutants like carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide did not satisfy the limits required for ambient air quality that is safe for workers. All the equipment had noise levels way above the recommended 70. 00 decibel, except for the wheel loader. Only the excavator produced vibrations higher than permissible vibration limit by 4%. CONCLUSION: The criteria air pollutants of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter emitted by the equipment were all not safe to the workers. They exceeded the permissible limits of 50 ppm, 5 ppm, and 0. 02 g/kW/h respectively. This partly shows why ambient air pollution had been reported in urban centers in Uganda. The study shows the need for strengthening the regulations and monitoring of the construction equipment being used, in order to protect the surroundings.

Mints are herbaceous perennial plants with aromatic leaves that are cultivated for their essential oils. The essential oil of Mint used in pharmaceutical, perfumery and cosmetics applications. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between nine different genotypes of Mentha spicata and M. piperita collected from different regions of Iran according to the seed storage protein profile using the SDS-PAGE method. The electropherogram showed a total of 31 bands of proteins with the molecular weight ranging from 12 kDa to 103 kDa. Among the genotypes G1, G5 and G9 showed the maximum number (26) of protein bands while the minimum number (9) of bands was present in genotype G7. Cluster analysis based on the seed storage protein profile, using the Euclidean distance matrix and the UPGMA method, grouped the evaluated genotypes into three clusters. Five genotypes (G1, G4, G5, G8, and G9) were in group 1, group two contained genotype G3 and the rest of the genotypes were in the third group (G2, G6, G7). Cluster analysis showed that some of the genotypes of two different species of M. piperita and M. spicata were closely related to each other and were in the same group. With regard to M. piperita is a natural hybrid of M. spicata and M. aquatica, this result is expected. The protein variability analysis clearly showed that there was divergence among and within the studied genotypes. It was concluded that this study will be useful for the future breeding and conservation program of Mentha genotypes.

Caspian Sea is a closed Sea which according to 1921 and 1940 Treaties was to be jointly administrated by both countries of Iran and the Soviet Union. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 the situation is now changed and three other independent republics (Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan) have emerged. With the increase of independent countries on the shore of Caspian Sea the conditions governing the region is also gradually getting changed. This changing circumstance requires Iran to assume more active role in the region for the protection of its interest. Prior to the collapse of the Soviet Union not much room was left for Iran to have an active role in the region, how ever, after the collapse of the Soviet Union .and the emergence of new nations with Islamic population free from communist oppression and their leaning toward Islamic rules and laws. These new republics have certain historical, language and religious common grounds with the Islamic Republic of Iran which in itself prepares the ground favorable to integration as opposed to disintegration. The sharing of common grounds in various spheres has led to more economic cooperation in the region. However, with respect to the military power things are rather different and Islamic Republic of Iran must assume stronger role in the region so that as a regional power could be influential on the happenings in the region.